What Is a Laboratory Desiccator and What Is It Used For?

The laboratory desiccator is one of those discreet yet essential instruments that ensures the integrity of many analytical samples. Although its appearance may seem simple, its function is critical when handling moisture-sensitive materials. In this article, we will explore what a laboratory desiccator is used for, how it is operated, its components, types, and benefits. We will also link to related Pobel products so you can find the ideal model for your needs.

What Does a Laboratory Desiccator Look Like? Components and Materials

A laboratory desiccator is an airtight container designed to create a dry and controlled environment. Its basic structure consists of:

• Main body: usually dome- or bell-shaped.
• Sample plate: where the materials to be preserved are placed.
• Lower chamber: where the desiccant agents are located.
• Vacuum valve (in vacuum desiccator models): allows connection to a pump to remove air.

The most common materials are:

• Glass: resistant and transparent, ideal for direct observation of samples.
• Plastic: more economical and impact-resistant, though possibly less airtight.
• Polycarbonate or acrylic: found in high-quality plastic desiccators, offering good chemical resistance.

At Pobel, you can find both glass desiccators and plastic desiccators, suitable for different laboratory environments.

What Is a Laboratory Desiccator Used For? Key Functions and Applications

Preserving Moisture-Sensitive Samples

The main function of a desiccator is to preserve chemical, biological, or industrial samples that could be altered by ambient moisture. The desiccant agent (such as silica gel or calcium chloride) absorbs humidity and keeps the internal atmosphere dry. This is crucial for:

• Hygroscopic salts.
• Dehydrated biological samples.
• Chemical powders.
• Samples being weighed on an analytical balance.

Vacuum Drying

Vacuum desiccator models allow for faster and more efficient dehumidification by extracting air. By lowering the pressure, sample drying is facilitated and residual solvent traces can be removed. This type of desiccator is used when more intensive drying is required or when samples are especially sensitive.

Applications Across Different Fields

The use of a desiccator is common in various disciplines:

• Analytical chemistry: preservation of reagents and sensitive compounds.
• Biology: drying and preservation of tissues or samples for microscopy.
• Pharmacy: storage of formulations and active ingredients.
• Electronics: protection of components from moisture.
• Food industry: storage of dehydrated ingredients.

The Versatility of the Laboratory Desiccator

Whether used for drying, storing, or preserving, the laboratory desiccator is a versatile, safe, and cost-effective tool. It can serve as a practical alternative to drying ovens in certain scenarios and offers a passive, power-free solution when heat is not needed.

How to Use a Laboratory Desiccator: Steps and Best Practices

1. Preparation

Ensure the desiccator is clean and dry. Place the desiccant in the lower chamber. Some desiccants change color when saturated, helping monitor their status.

2. Introducing the Samples

Place the samples on the inner plate, avoiding direct contact with the desiccant.

3. Closing the Desiccator

Close the lid firmly to ensure an airtight seal. If the desiccator has a vacuum valve, make sure it is closed before applying vacuum.

4. Applying Vacuum (Optional)

In vacuum desiccator models, connect a pump and extract the air. This speeds up the dehumidification process and enhances the desiccant's performance.

5. Maintenance and Precautions

• Periodically check the effectiveness of the desiccant.
• Do not expose the desiccator to excessive heat.
• Avoid impacts, especially with glass models.

What Types of Desiccators Are Available on the Market?

Desiccators can be classified according to their material, shape, and technology:

• Glass desiccator: classic, chemically resistant, ideal for routine use.
• Plastic desiccator: lighter and less fragile, suitable for educational or field environments.
• Vacuum desiccator: with valve and reinforced structure to withstand negative pressure.
• Automatic or indicator desiccators: equipped with humidity sensors or visual indicators.

Each type offers particular advantages depending on the use. We invite you to browse our desiccator category to find the most suitable model.

Frequently Asked Questions About Laboratory Desiccators

What Is the Best Desiccant for a Desiccator?

It depends on the application, but the most common are:

• Silica gel: regenerable and available with humidity indicators.
• Calcium chloride: highly effective, but becomes liquid when saturated.
• Phosphorus pentoxide (P₂O₅): powerful but toxic; only for controlled environments.

Can Desiccants Be Reused?

Yes, some desiccants like silica gel can be regenerated by heating them to around 120 °C for a few hours.

Is a Vacuum Desiccator Necessary for All Applications?

No. It is only needed when rapid moisture removal is required or when samples are extremely sensitive.

How Can I Tell If My Desiccator Is Maintaining a Proper Vacuum?

You can check this by using a pressure gauge (if available) or by trying to lift the lid—if vacuum is present, it will resist. You can also monitor the condition of the desiccant.